What is the term for a centrifugal pump operating against a closed discharge valve?

• A. Cavitation
• B. Deadhead
• C. Surge
• D. Backflow

Answer: (B)

When a centrifugal pump operates against a closed discharge valve, the term used to describe this condition is "deadhead." In this scenario, the pump continues to operate but there is no flow because the closed valve prevents any liquid from exiting the system. As a result, the pump is effectively "deadheading," which can lead to increased pressure within the pump casing and potentially cause damage due to overheating or excessive wear.

Deadheading is a critical condition to monitor in pumping systems, as prolonged operation under these circumstances can compromise pump performance and longevity. Understanding the implications of deadheading helps operators ensure that pumps are used effectively and safely within their intended operational parameters.